Camera Equipment
George has worked during his career with a number of different cameras. Currently, he works mostly with a Wisner 8x10 Technical view camera and with an Wisner 8x20 Technical view camera. George does use 4x5 and 5x7 reducing backs for the 8x10 camera. In addition, he still uses the first large format camera he bought while in high school, a 4x5 Speed Graphic. The 4x10 photographs are made with the 8x10 camera using modified cut film holders.

Negative Development
Most of the negatives for the images on this site were developed in Jobo processors and drums. The older work was processed using Kodak Hc110 in different dilutions. Recent work has been a combination of either Hc110 or PyrocatHD.

Printing Technique
George individually prints all of his own photographs by hand in a traditional darkroom using classic materials and techniques. No digital technology is used in any part of the photographic process, either image exposure or printmaking.

There are two printing processes used in the images on this website, silver-gelatin and hand coated platinum/palladium. The silver prints are made on fiber-base papers manufactured by Illford and Kodak and are processed to archival standards. The silver print's smooth surface renders the cleanest, clearest and sharpest possible image.

The platinum process was invented in the 1870's but by the 1920's commercially manufactured Pt/Pd papers stopped being produced. One hundred years after the invention of the process, fine art photographers began to work with the process again to tap into the unsurpassed tonal subtlety of platinum prints and their superb archival quality. Today there are no factory-made papers, all prints are coated one at a time by hand. The choice of papers and chemical formula allow enormous control of the print's tonal range and surface texture.